Purpose and Scope During the last decade, caves and subterranean features have been discovered on nearly every planetary surface as the spatial resolution of spacecraft instrumentation has markedly improved. Planetary scientists have identified more than 270 lunar and several hundred martian cave-like features. These features allow us to access and examine the subsurface without costly […]
How the Tonga Subterranean Volcanic Eruption Changed the Earth's Atmosphere and Near Space Environment and What we can Learn from it. An Online Conversation with Dr. Thomas Immel, May 4, 2023, at 4 p.m. Eastern Time Please join us for a conversation with Dr Thomas Immel: What the Subterranean ‘Tonga Volcano’ Eruption can Teach up […]
Earth, the only planet we know of with life (and with scientists who hold workshops to discuss planets and life) is thoroughly and anomalously oxidized – in its atmosphere, mineralogy and biosphere. Clearly, photosynthetically-released oxygen, fueled by a nearby star, is sufficient to support a robust and diverse biosphere. But is it necessary? If so, […]
