NASA Spacewarn Bulletin No. 636 01 November 2006

2006-049A

XM 4
is an American geostationary satellite that was launched by
a Zenit 3SL rocket from the floating platform, Odyssey parked on
the equatorial Pacific ocean at 154° W longitude, at 23:49 UT on
30 October 2006. The 5.2 tonne (with fuel) craft carries an 18 kW
transponder to provide S-band Digital Audio Radio Service (DARS) to
homes and automobiles in North America, after parking over 115° W
longitude.

2006-048A

SinoSat 2
is a Chinese (PRC) geostationary communications
satellite that was launched by a Long March 3B rocket from Xichang
Satellite Launch Center in Sichuan province at 16:20 UT on 28 October
2006. The 5.1 tonne (with fuel) satellite carries 22 transponders to
provide analog and digital television to China and Taiwan after
parking over approximately 110° E longitude.

2006-047A, 2006-047B

STEREO-A(head) and STEREO-B(ehind)
are two identical American
(NASA) heliospheric craft that were launched by a Delta 2
rocket from Cape Canaveral at 00:52 UT on 26 October 2006.
Each of the 620 kg (dry mass), 4.3 m x 6.4 m x 2.6 m craft
will soon be maneuvered so that STEREO-A will orbit the Sun
ahead of the Earth (with an orbital period of 345 days), and
STEREO-B will orbit behind the Earth (with an orbital period of
385 days). The mission seeks to image the Sun and its emissions
stereographically, so that it can be predicted whether a Coronal Mass
Ejection (CME) is heading toward the Earth. They carry identical
pairs of four instruments, as described at
http://stereo.gsfc.nasa.gov/,
and
http://stereo.jhuapl.edu.
Madhulika Guhathakurta of NASA
HQ is the Program Scientist. The Project Scientist is Michael
Kaiser of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center

SECCHI (Sun-Earth Connection Coronal and Heliospheric
Investigation) will image the emitted CMEs from the
solar surface onwards. It carries four telescopes (one UV, two
white-light coronagraphs, and a heliospheric imager). The Principal
Investigator is Russell Howard of the Naval Research Laboratory,
Washington, D.C. See http://secchi.nrl.navy.mil/.

SWAVES (Stereo Waves) is a standard radio burst receiver operating
in meter and kilometer wavelengths, in order to capture emissions from
streaming electrons and traveling heliospheric shockwaves.
Jean-Louis Bougeret of Paris Observatory is the Principal
Investigator. See http://swaves.gsfc.nasa.gov/.

IMPACT (In-situ Measurements of Particles and CME Transients)
carries energetic particle detectors to monitor the flux of
particles and local magnetic field. Janet Luhmann of the University
of California, Berkeley is the Principal Investigator. See
http://sprg.ssl.berkeley.edu/impact.

PLASTIC (PLAsma and SupraThermal Ion Composition) monitors the
energies of protons and alpha particles, and the mass, energy, and
charge state of heavy ions. Antoinette Galvin of the University
of New Hampshire is the Principal Investigator. See
http://stereo.sr.unh.edu.

2006-046A, 2006-046B

Shijian 6C and Shijian 6D
are Chinese (PRC) satellites that
were launched by a Long March 4B rocket from Taiyuan launch
center in Shanxi province on 23 October 2006 at 23:34 UT
(07:34 a.m., 24 October). They carry radiation detectors and other space
environment-related instruments. The initial orbital parameters
of both were similar: period 96.6 min, apogee 600 km, perigee
595 km, and inclination 97.7°.

2006-045A

Progress-M 58
is a Russian automatic cargo craft that was
launched by a Soyuz rocket from Baikonur at 13:41 UT on
23 October 2006. It carried 2.2 tonnes of supplies to the International
Space Station (including 870 kg of propellant for the ISS
thrusters). It docked automatically with the Zvezda module of the
ISS on 26 October and delivered the supplies. The initial orbital
parameters were period 91.3 min, apogee 346 km, perigee 329 km,
and inclination 51.63°.

2006-044A

METOP-A
is a European (ESA/EUMETSAT), polar-orbiting weather
satellite that was launched by a Soyuz-Fregat rocket (sometimes
called Soyuz 2) from Baikonur at 16:28 UT on 19 October 2006. The
4.1 tonne, 17 m x 6.5 m x 5.2 m craft carries 10 instruments. The
IASI spectrometer will provide temperature and humidity profiles. The
GOME 2 spectrometer will probe the atmosphere for ozone and trace
gases. The ASCAT scatterometer will measure the wind speed and
direction over the ocean. The GRAS payload will provide atmospheric
density profile by means of occulted GPS signals. The MHS instrument
will provide microwave-measured humidity profiles.

In addition, there are five heritage instruments provided by NOAA:
The AVHRR radiometer for global imagery, the AMSU-A microwave
“sounder”, the HIRS infrared “sounder”, an advanced ARGOS data
collection system, and the SEM-2 particle spectrometer to monitor
the energetic particles. The “sounders” are horizon-scanning passive
instruments that enable inference of vertical profiles.

Operationally, there will be close collaboration between NOAA, ESA,
and EUMETSAT. For more details of METOP-A, see
http://meted.ucar.edu/EUMETSAT/eps/index.htm,
which provides links to several web sites.
The initial orbital parameters were period 101.3 min, apogee 821 km,
perigee 819 km, and inclination 98.7°.

2006-043C

LDREX 2
is a Japanese (JAXA) technology demonstration craft that
was launched by an Ariane-5 ECA rocket from Kourou at 21:56 UT
on 13 October 2006. It was to deploy a light-weight radio
antenna reflector. No information is available on the success of
the deployment. The initial orbital parameters were period
629.6 min, apogee 35,648 km, perigee 264 km, and inclination 7.0°.

2006-043B

OPTUS D1
is an Australian geostationary communications satellite
that was launched by an Ariane-5 ECA rocket from Kourou at 21:56 UT
on 13 October 2006. The 2.5 tonne (with fuel) craft carries 24 Ku-band
transponders to provide voice and video transmissions to
Australia and New Zealand after parking over a nearby longitude.

2006-043A

DirecTV 9S
is an American geostationary communications satellite
that was launched by an Ariane-5 ECA rocket from Kourou at 21:56 UT on
13 October 2006. The 5.5 tonne (with fuel) craft carries 52 Ku-band
and two Ka-band transponders to provide direct-to-home, through its
27 spot-beams, voice, video, and internet transmissions to North
American subscribers after parking over 101° or 119° W longitude.

Spacecraft with essentially continuous radio beacons on frequencies
less than 150 MHz, or higher frequencies if especially suited for ionospheric
or geodetic studies.

NNSS denotes U.S. Navy Navigational Satellite System. Updates or
corrections to the list are possible only with information from the
user community.

Note:
The full list appeared in SPX 545.
The list will not be repeated in future issues until significantly revised
again.

Global Positioning System satellites useful for navigational
purposes and geodetic studies.

High precision (<20 cm) GPS constellation tracking data obtained from
the network of about 80 dedicated global stations that are of interest to
geodetic study may be obtained through the following services provided
by the International Association of Geodesy (IGS)

     FTP:    igscb.jpl.nasa.gov  [directory /igscb]
     WWW:    http://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov/
     E-mail: igscb@cobra.jpl.nasa.gov

The standard format of the GPS situation appeared in SPX-518. It will not
be repeated since an excellent source of trajectory- and science-related GPS information is at:

http://www.colorado.edu/geography/gcraft/notes/gps/gps_f.html

It provides many links to GPS related databases.

The latest addition to the fleet is Navstar 57, 2005-038A.

Russian Global Navigational (Positioning) Spacecraft, GLONASS
constellation.

SPACEWARN requests updates/additions from readers to this list.

All GLONASS spacecraft are in the general COSMOS series. The COSMOS numbers
invoked by USSPACECOM have often differed from the numbers (NNNN)
associated in Russia; when different, the USSPACECOM COSMOS numbers are shown
in parentheses. The corresponding GLONASS numbers are Russian numbers, followed
by the numbers in parentheses that are sometimes attributed to them outside
Russia.

The operating frequencies in MHz are computed from the channel number K.
Frequencies (MHz) = 1602.0 + 0.5625K and L2 = 1246.0 + 0.4375K.

The standard format of the GLONASS situation last appeared in
SPX-545. It
will not be repeated in view of the excellent updated source at:
http://www.glonass-center.ru
maintained by the Coordinational Scientific Information Center (CSIC), Russian
Space Forces.

According to CSIC the
latest addition to the fleet are GLONASS 712, GLONASS 796, and GLONASS 797.
Their International IDs are 2005-050A, 2005-050B, and 2005-050C.

Visually bright objects.

See
http://www.space-track.org/perl/bulk_files.pl.
Users must register. Conditions apply.

Actual decays/landings of payload spacecraft and rocket bodies (R/B)
only. No further information is available.

Designations         Common Name                  Decay Date (2006)

1978-071C (10983)   R/B that launched GEOS 2          19 October
1988-112D (19716)   R/B(2) that launched MOLNIYA 3-34 10 October
2006-035B (29386)   R/B Long March 2C                 03 October
2006-030C (29262)   R/B (1) Molniya-M                 30 September
2006-009A (28996)   SOYUZ-TMA 8 Landed back on        29 September
1992-011D (21900)   R/B (2) Molniya                   26 September
1990-052D (20649)   R/B (2)that launched MOLNIYA 3-38 13 September

60-day Decay Predictions.

See
http://www.space-track.org/perl/60day_decay_predict.pl.
Users must register for access. Conditions apply

Miscellaneous Items.

This section contains information or data that are entered on occasion
and may not be repeated in each issue of the SPACEWARN Bulletin.

Related NSSDC resources.

NSSDC/WDC for Satellite Information is an archival center for science
data from many spacecraft. Many space physics datasets are on-line for
electronic access through:
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/space/

For off-line data, please contact the Request Office, NSSDC, Code 633,
NASA GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, U.S.A., for specific information
(request@nssdca.gsfc.nasa.gov).
Information on the current status of the instruments on board from the
investigators will be most welcomed. Precomputed trajectory files
and orbital parameters of many magnetospheric and heliospheric science-payload
spacecraft may be obtained from:
ftp://nssdcftp.gsfc.nasa.gov/miscellaneous/orbits/

Other files of interest for Earth-centered spacecraft can be generated via the URL,
http://sscweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/

Programs related to the heliospheric spacecraft trajectories can be executed
through the URL,
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/space/helios/heli.html

Magnetospheric, Planetary, and Astronomical science data from many spacecraft
may be accessed through links from the URL:
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/sc-query.html