Measuring Earth Moon Distances By Laser

The Earth-Moon-Sun system has traditionally provided the best laboratory for testing the strong equivalence principle.
For a decade, the Apache Point Observatory Lunar Laser-ranging Operation (APOLLO) has been producing the world’s best lunar laser ranging data. At present, a single observing session of about an hour yields a distance measurement with uncertainty of about 2~mm, an order of magnitude advance over the best pre-APOLLO lunar laser ranging data.

However, these superb data have not yet yielded scientific results commensurate with their accuracy, number, and temporal distribution. There are two reasons for this.

First, even in the relatively clean environment of the Earth-Moon system, a large number of effects modify the measured distance importantly and thus need to be included in the analysis model.

The second reason is more complicated. The traditional problem with the analysis of solar-system metric data is that the physical model must be truncated to avoid extra parameters that would increase the condition number of the estimator. Even in a typical APOLLO analysis that does not include parameters of gravity physics, the condition number is very high: 8×1010.

Modeling and Analysis of the APOLLO Lunar Laser Ranging Data

R.D. Reasenberg, J.F. Chandler, N.R. Colmenares, N.H. Johnson, T.W. Murphy, I.I. Shapiro
(Submitted on 16 Aug 2016)

Comments: Presented at the Seventh Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, Bloomington, Indiana, June 20-24, 2016
Subjects: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
Cite as: arXiv:1608.04758 [astro-ph.IM] (or arXiv:1608.04758v1 [astro-ph.IM] for this version)
Submission history
From: Robert Reasenberg
[v1] Tue, 16 Aug 2016 20:02:50 GMT (41kb)
http://arxiv.org/abs/1608.04758