NASA Mars Odyssey THEMIS Image: Cloud-Ground Interaction

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Context image credit: NASA/Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) Team
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The atmosphere of Mars is a dynamic system. Water-ice clouds, fog,

and hazes can make imaging the surface from space difficult. Dust

storms can grow from local disturbances to global sizes, through

which imaging is impossible. Seasonal temperature changes are the

usual drivers in cloud and dust storm development and growth.

Eons of atmospheric dust storm activity has left its mark on the

surface of Mars. Dust carried aloft by the wind has settled

out on every available surface; sand dunes have been created and

moved by centuries of wind; and the effect of continual sand-blasting

has modified many regions of Mars, creating yardangs and other

unusual surface forms.

This image of the North Polar water-ice clouds

shows how surface topography can affect the linear form.

Notice that the crater at the bottom of the image is

causing a deflection in the linear form.

[Source: ASU THEMIS Science Team]

NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA’s Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Arizona State University