Terrestrial Analogs to Mars: (Part 2) Planetary Decadal Study Community White Paper Solar System Exploration Survey, 2003-2013

Planetary Decadal Study Community White Paper
Solar System Exploration Survey, 2003-2013

Terrestrial Analogs to Mars

MAINTAINING CAPABILITIES FOR THE FUTURE.

1. Continue expanded field workshops and support of projects such as the Houghton Mars Project. Change sites/processes as Mars results come in. Continue building human observational experience and insight by involving astronaut researchers.

2. Continue coordinated deployments of bread-board instruments or instruments similar to those intended for Mars on aircraft, Earth-orbiting spacecraft, and the ground. Develop relationships between NASA offices and other national and international agencies for support of these multi-disciplinary activities. For example, NASA Earth Science may be interested in ice studies or sounding for deep soil moisture; NSF is interested in polar studies as is CRREL. International interest in martian analogs (e.g. CNES, ESA, ASI, etc.) could help support non-US sites in, for example, Africa, Tibet, Atacama Desert, Australia, Iceland, Russia, Canada.

3. Continue support of data archive of terrestrial analog data. Review periodically based on latest Mars results. As Mars materials become better understood, define new Mars analog materials for laboratory study.

4. Establish a few prime sites for continuing study, human training, Education and Public Outreach, etc. (see below)

OTHER

1. Human exploration.

Mars analog studies and geological field training exercises will be crucial in the manned exploration of Mars because of its rich and complex geological history (perhaps even biological history). This will present new and exciting challenges to the human exploration of both the surface and subsurface of Mars. At analog sites, astronauts will be able to carry out the proper field investigations for correct geological context of the landing site as well as the surrounding environs, conduct precision landings, maximize surface mobility, and also perform intelligent sample acquisition and interpretation (Rice, 2000; Dickerson et al., 2000).

At JSC, Shuttle crews are briefed in observing/documenting/interpreting features on Earth that may be analogues for those on Mars. As a result, a growing collection of astronaut-acquired photography is being built, focused on diagnostic attributes of terrestrial sites (e.g., Channeled Scablands) for rigorous comparison with MOC and future images of Mars. An outgrowth of early efforts was an online education/outreach publication produced in collaboration with planetary scientists at JSC and LPI (Willis et al., 2000).

On Devon Island, a number of studies are currently underway under the auspices of the NASA Haughton-Mars Project to develop some of the technologies, strategies and human factors experience that will help plan the future exploration of Mars and other planets by robots and humans (www.marsonearth.org). The HMP is established as an international interdisciplinary field research project managed for NASA by the private SETI Institute, thus offering an opportunity at the same time to explore government-private partnerships in extracting the scientific and technological potential of Mars analog research.

2. Education and Public Outreach.

For this application, the visual aspect of the analog site and the logistics and accessibility are the most important factors. The more accessible sites especially could become “standard” sets for filmed news stories and documentaries. Demonstrations of rovers are always popular- more so in a Mars-like setting. The public can be encouraged to visit some of the sites, yielding an opportunity to describe how the site is like Mars and how it isn’t. National Monuments and Parks such as Death Valley and Mojave Desert, may be interested in helping to support this. Hawaii Volcanoes National Park already hosts annual workshops for teachers and school students who use the volcanic terrain as a planetary analog. Planning for manned and un-manned surface activities on the planets (including Mars) are included in the program.

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Contributors:

Tom G. Farr (Jet Propulsion Laboratory)

Steve Arcone (Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory)

Ray Arvidson (Washington University)

Vic Baker (University of Arizona)

Nadine Barlow (University of Central Florida)

David Beaty (Jet Propulsion Laboratory)

Mary Sue Bell (Johnson Space Center)

Donald Blankenship (University of Texas Institute for Geophysics)

Nathan Bridges (Jet Propulsion Laboratory)

Geoff Briggs (Ames Research Center)

Mark Bulmer (JCET University of Maryland Baltimore County)

Frank Carsey (Jet Propulsion Laboratory)

Steve Clifford (Lunar and Planetary Institute)

Bob Craddock (National Air and Space Museum)

Patricia W. Dickerson (Johnson Space Center)

Natalia Duxbury (Jet Propulsion Laboratory)

Gillian Galford (Washington University)

Jim Garvin (NASA Headquarters)

John Grant (National Air and Space Museum)

Jacklyn R Green (Jet Propulsion Laboratory)

Tracy K.P. Gregg (University at Buffalo)

Ed Guinness (Washington University)

Vicki Hansen (Southern Methodist University)

Michael H Hecht (Jet Propulsion Laboratory)

John Holt (University of Texas Institute for Geophysics)

Alan Howard (University of Virginia)

Laszlo Keszthelyi (University of Arizona)

Pascal Lee (SETI Institute)

Peter Lanagan (University of Arizona)

Rachel Lentz (University of Tennessee)

David Leverington (National Air and Space Museum)

Lucia Marinangeli (International Research School of Planetary Sciences)

Jeffrey E. Moersch (University of Tennessee)

Penny Morris-Smith (Johnson Space Center)

Peter Mouginis-Mark (University of Hawaii)

Gary Olhoeft (Colorado School Mines)

Gian G. Ori (International Research School of Planetary Sciences)

Philippe Paillou (University of Bordeaux)

James Reilly (Johnson Space Center)

Jim Rice (Arizona State University)

Cordula Robinson (Boston University)

Mike Sheridan (University at Buffalo)

Kelly Snook (Ames Research Center)

Brad Thomson (Brown University)

Kevin Watson (Johnson Space Center)

Kevin Williams (Arizona State University)

Kenji Yoshikawa (University of Alaska Fairbanks)