NASA Astrobiology Institute Virtual Workshopl: Astrovirology
Dates: Wed, Sept 18 8:00AM – 12:00PM and Thurs, Sept 19 1:00PM – 5:00PM
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Astrobiology Institute (NAI) is hosting a virtual Workshop Without Walls on Astrovirology to review and advance the science of understanding what a virus is, their origin, ecology, impact on evolution, and their role in exobiology as a biosignature.
This virtual workshop will be over two half-days to enabled global scientific exchange with no attendance costs or travel required. Topics covered will presented in a manner to reach a range of scientific understanding including students, researchers, educators, science writers, and members of the general public.
This virtual workshop will consist of presentations and time for questions or discussion periods, facilitated through an online multi-user video-conferencing system hosted by the technical facilities of the NAI.
To join the Zoom meeting: https://zoom.us/j/230642622
Science Organizing Committee:
Gareth (Gary) Trubl, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Trubl1@llnl.gov
Kathryn Bywaters, NASA Ames/SETI, kathryn.f.bywaters@nasa.gov
Kenneth Stedman, Portland State University, kstedman@pdx.edu
Penelope Boston, NASA Ames, penelope.j.boston@nasa.gov
Schedule: (talk length/time for questions)
Day 1 – Wednesday, September 18, 2019
Theme: Origins and Evolution
8:00–8:30 | Welcome and Introductions | Penny Boston, Ken Stedman | 30/0
8:30–9:00 | TBA
9:00–9:30 | Small Circular DNA Viruses: The muddy “playground” of recombinant, reassortant, and highly diverse viruses | Arvind Varsani (Arizona State University, USA; Arvind.Varsani@asu.edu) | 20/10
9:30–10:00 | Viruses never do as they’re told, and there’s a good reason for it: bacteria-phage coevolution as a driver of diversity | Britt Koskella (University of California Berkeley, USA; bkoskella@berkeley.edu) | 20/10
10:00–10:30 | Viral symbiosis: New rules for pre-cellular evolutionary tempo and mode | Rachel Whitaker (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA; rwhitaker@life.illinois.edu) | 20/10
10:30–10:40 | Break
10:40–11:10 | Viral infection modes and invasion fitness across a continuum from lysis to | Joshua Weitz (Georgia Institute of Technology, USA; jsweitz@gatech.edu) | 20/10
11:10–11:40 | Possibilities and pitfalls of expanded host range mutations. | T. Siobain Duffy (Rutgers University, USA; duffy@sebs.rutgers.edu) | 20/10
11:40–12:00 | Closing remarks | Ken Stedman | 10/10
Day 2 – Thursday, September 19, 2019
Theme: Ecology and Exobiology
1:00–1:10 | Opening remarks | Ken Stedman | 10/0
1:10–1:50 | Virus taxonomy: What is it and why should I care? | Evelien Adriaenssens (Quadram Institute Bioscience, UK; evelien.adriaenssens@quadram.ac.uk) | 30/10
1:50–2:20 | Astrovirology in marine systems: how virus-microbe interactions accelerate evolution and generate organismal diversity | Nigel Goldenfeld (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA; nigel@illinois.edu) | 20/10
2:20–3:00 | Viral ecogenomics: exploring viral diversity and virus-host interactions from metagenomes | Simon Roux (Joint Genome Institute, USA; sroux@lbl.gov) | 30/10
3:00–3:30 | Using stable isotopes to track viruses in soils | Gary Trubl (Lawrence Livermore National Lab USA; Trubl1@llnl.gov) | 20/10
3:30–3:40 | Break
3:40–4:10 | Life detection and viruses as biosignatures| Kathryn Bywaters (NASAAmes/SETI, USA; kathryn.f.bywaters@nasa.gov) | 20/10
4:10–4:40 | Astrovirology – What’s missing | Ken Stedman (Portland State University, USA; kstedman@pdx.edu) | 20/10
4:40–5:00 | Acknowledgements | Penny Boston, Ken Stedman, Gary Trubl, Kathy Bywaters | 15/5
Workshop Resources:
What is Astrobiology
Astrobiology at NASA
NASA Astrobiology Institute
Ask an Astrobiologist Homepage
The History of Astrobiology
The Astrobiology Primer
Bacteriophage
ViralZone
Suggested articles:
Berliner, A.J., Mochizuki, T. and Stedman, K.M., 2018. Astrovirology: Viruses at large in the universe. Astrobiology, 18(2), pp.207-223.
[link https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ast.2017.1649]
Zhao, L., Seth-Pasricha, M., Stemate, D., Crespo-Bellido, A., Gagnon, J., Draghi, J. and Duffy, S., 2019. Existing host range mutations constrain further emergence of RNA viruses. Journal of virology, 93(4), pp.e01385-18.
[link https://jvi.asm.org/content/93/4/e01385-18/article-info]
Roux, S., Adriaenssens, E.M., Dutilh, B.E., Koonin, E.V., Kropinski, A.M., Krupovic, M., Kuhn, J.H., Lavigne, R., Brister, J.R., Varsani, A. and Amid, C., 2019. Minimum information about an uncultivated virus genome (MIUViG). Nature biotechnology, 37(1), p.29.
[link https://www.nature.com/articles/nbt.4306]
Kazlauskas, D., Varsani, A., Koonin, E.V. and Krupovic, M., 2019. Multiple origins of prokaryotic and eukaryotic single-stranded DNA viruses from bacterial and archaeal plasmids. Nature communications, 10(1), p.3425.
[link https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-11433-0]
Weitz, J.S., Li, G., Gulbudak, H., Cortez, M.H. and Whitaker, R.J., 2019. Viral invasion fitness across a continuum from lysis to latency. Virus evolution, 5(1), p.vez006.
[link https://academic.oup.com/ve/article/5/1/vez006/5476198]
Koskella, B. and Brockhurst, M.A., 2014. Bacteria–phage coevolution as a driver of ecological and evolutionary processes in microbial communities. FEMS microbiology reviews, 38(5), pp.916-931.
[link https://academic.oup.com/femsre/article/38/5/916/497097]
Koskella, B., 2019. New approaches to characterizing bacteria–phage interactions in microbial communities and microbiomes. Environmental microbiology reports, 11(1), pp.15-16.
[link https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1758-2229.12706]
Gulbudak, H. and Weitz, J.S., 2019. Heterogeneous viral strategies promote coexistence in virus-microbe systems. Journal of theoretical biology, 462, pp.65-84.
[link https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022519318305381]
Adriaenssens, E.M., Wittmann, J., Kuhn, J.H., Turner, D., Sullivan, M.B., Dutilh, B.E., Jang, H.B., van Zyl, L.J., Klumpp, J., Lobocka, M. and Switt, A.I.M., 2018.
Taxonomy of prokaryotic viruses: 2017 update from the ICTV Bacterial and Archaeal Viruses Subcommittee. Archives of virology, 163(4), pp.1125-1129.
[link https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00705-018-3723-z]
Trubl, G., Jang, H.B., Roux, S., Emerson, J.B., Solonenko, N., Vik, D.R., Solden, L., Ellenbogen, J., Runyon, A.T., Bolduc, B. and Woodcroft, B.J., 2018. Soil viruses are underexplored players in ecosystem carbon processing. MSystems, 3(5), pp.e00076-18.
[link https://msystems.asm.org/content/3/5/e00076-18]
Emerson J.B., Roux S., Brum J.R., Bolduc B., Woodcroft B.J., Jang H-B., Singleton C.M., Solden L.M., Naas A.E., Boyd J.A., Hodgkins S.B., Wilson R.M., Trubl G., Li C., Frolking S., Pope P.B., Wrighton K.C., Crill P.M., Chanton J.P., Saleska S.R., Tyson G.W., Rich V.I., & Sullivan M.B. Host-linked soil viral ecology along a permafrost thaw gradient. Nature microbiology, 3(8), p.870.
[link https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-018-0190-y]
